It has been shown that high blood pressure is the result of arterial sclerosis and the cause of serious heart disease.People with increased indicators are diagnosed with arterial hypertension.Due to the narrowing of the ships that have lost elasticity, there is an increase in pressure in others.This slows blood circulation and increases the heart on the heart.
Standard and blood pressure pathology
The optimal blood pressure is the value of tonometer of 120/80 mm.RT.Art.The pressure is considered to increase when the artery indicators exceed the normal level of comfort for humans 10%.
The temporary fluctuations of blood pressure, the difference in the day is a common appearance.
| Hypertension stage | Sistolical (garden), mm.RT.Art. | The diastolic index (father), mm.RT.Art. |
|---|---|---|
| Optimal blood pressure | 120 | 80 |
| Rated | From 120 to 130 | From 80 to 85 |
| Prevent | From 130 to 140 | From 85 to 90 |
| GB 1 phase (soft hypertension) | From 140 to 160 | From 90 to 100 |
| GB 2 phase (average) | From 160 to 180 | From 100 to 110 |
| GB 3 phase | More than 180 | More than 110 |
| Isag (hypertension of the systolic artery isolated | More than 140 | Less than 90 |
Why is a person dangerous in one person?
The initial symptoms of increased pressure: weak, dizziness, poor sleep, flying in front of a person with signs of fatigue, determining the progression of hypertension without medical care.
If you leave the situation without paying attention, cannot avoid the serious consequences of high pressure, one person may wait:
- infarction;
- stroke;
- Acute heart failure;
- Thromboembolism;
- stratification or distance of the aorta.
In the final stage of these diseases, a fatal result is possible.A particularly serious form of disease is malignant hypertension.It is diagnosed in either hundred patients, more often - men.The disease does not stop at any drug, the drug even worsens the patient's condition.A person suffered from six months due to complications.
Risk factors for hypertension
High blood pressure is closely related to risk factors that may be individual or external (obtained).
| Personal risk factors | The external provocative elements |
|---|---|
| Genetic guessing table: If both parents have hypertension, developing diseases in children in more than 50% of cases (the risk of hypertension in children, parents with normal blood pressure - not more than 20%) | Almentary: The diet of a atherosclerosis with a large amount of saturated fatty acids (sausages, smoked meat, cakes, chocolate, snacks), use a large amount of salt daily (more than 5 g) |
| Age: Increased development pressure in 15% - from 50 to 60 years old, in 30% - from 60 to 70, 40% over 70 years old | Smoking-proven that it is from nicotine, blood pressure increases: a stroke and heart attack in smokers occur more often 2-3 times more than those who do not smoke cigarettes. |
| Paul: The rate of arterial hypertension under 40 years old in men is much higher than women, then these differences are smoothed. | Consumption of too much coffee every day is a disadvantage for the melody of the blood vessels, causing their spasms and automatically increasing pressure |
| Obesity: The dependence between body mass and blood pressure level is a straight line.Plus 10 kg increases the systolic indicator to 2-3 units and diastolic-ty 1-3. In fat people, hypertension occurs more often more than 2-6 times (at 78% of men and 64% of women, arterial hypertension is due to excess body weight), losing weight, leading to reduced pressure. |
The flexible cause of the increasing pressure is stress, overwork, negative emotions repeated, psychological overload, overwork |
| Personal features: The nervous system is easily agitated, ambition, suspicion, dissatisfaction, an indomitable desire for competition is the reason why the pressure of those who are so emotional increases. | A sedentary lifestyle: In those who cool down, the risk of arterial hypertension is 25% higher than that of physical activity or trained (physical activity in labor activity increases blood pressure and decreases during rest time) |
| Race: African -American, mostly female, falling into a risk group | Alcoholism - Destroy the liver, violate metabolic processes, negatively affect the tone of blood vessels (toxins) |
People who are more likely to have hypertension need to remind you from which the pressure is still increasing, this is: abnormal working day, night shift, professional harm, regular climate change, time zone.
The main reasons for hypertension
Along with the stimulating moments or the foundation that hypertension occurs, high pressure causes specific causes that may be physiological or pathological.
| Physiologic | Pathology |
|---|---|
| Pregnant | Brain injury |
| Take medicine: NSAID, diuretic, addictive substances, hormonal contraception | Disolate the function of kidney, heart, brain, liver |
| Hormonal fluctuations: puberty, menopause, menstruation | Soma, Foci chronic infection |
| Anatomical characteristics of the human body structure | VSD |
| Insomnia of any genesis | Blood lipid disorders and increased uric acid content |
| Elevator | Diabetes |
| Mete -sensitivity | Tumor |
| For a long time, migraine is not treated | Thrombosis or blood vessel embolism |
| Hot sauna or bathroom | Osteochondrosis |
Symptoms and signs of arterial hypertension
With increased pressure, one person began to feel uncomfortable, the first signs became:
- headache, a feeling of tightening temples with a ring;
- It feels that the head is "old";
- dizzy;
- The noise in the ears, blink of the flies in front of the eyes;
- uncomfortable feeling behind the breastbone;
- Weaknesses;
- Sleep disorders.
The initial symptoms of hypertension.A person with hypertension for overwork and fatigue.If left untreated, the condition gradually goes into border hypertension or unstable, characterized by the oscillation in pressure, like a pendulum.It occurs at different ages and may be:
- young;
- nerve;
- menopause;
- ale;
- sport;
- professional.
Its main features are considered:
- Hypertension from 140/90 to 160/95 (in the United States and the European Union - from 130/85 to 140/90) and never beyond these borders;
- Normalization of pressure independently without further intervention;
- Lack of changes in target organs: heart, kidney, brain, blood vessels;
- Reliable eliminates symptoms (secondary) hypertension.
The continuous high artery pressure remains without paying attention to become the main cause of hypertension.It is characterized by the following symptoms:
- vision violations;
- The interruption of the heart's work with acute pain behind the breastbone;
- The punt of the cheek, the feeling of the heat in the whole body;
- Cold limbs with partial sensitivity, numbness;
- Narbating;
- Tired, meaningless anxiety;
- tachycardia;
- pulse in temples;
- sweating or internal transformation;
- tricks;
- perturbation;
- A completely empty, helpless feeling;
- Premuroks, fainting;
- muscle cramps;
- Run of arms and legs.
The pressure increases in pregnant women with special expressions, these are:
- sharp decline in good;
- Pain in the back of the head;
- The curtain shaded before the eyes;
- noise in the ears;
- vomiting;
- high temperatures;
- red face;
- Nose bleeding;
- Heavy legs.
Any signs or symptoms among these signs or symptoms indicate a timely calculation and search for a doctor.
What to do if the pressure increases?
High pressure is not noticed can cause fatal and non -fatal complications: cardiovascular diseases, brain vessels, chronic kidney disease.
Consider what you need to do at home if hell has increased:
- to help a person find a convenient part to relax (preferably half, on high pillows);
- Ensure completely peaceful (no sound, no uncomfortable light, no movement);
- Open windows - oxygen lines;
- Prepare to bathe hot legs and when stabilizing the amount of blood pressure, lowering your feet in 10 minutes, will provide blood flow from the beginning, improve well;
- With pressure increase, you can place a mustard in the back of the head or caviar for 5-15 minutes, making a compress from apple cider vinegar to the feet;
- Relax on the chair or on the chair, straighten your back, take a deep breath, exhale with your mouth (5 times);
- You can take high pressure on your back: When you exhale, you need to stop your breath for 2 seconds, in 5 minutes of normal emotionalization, reduce blood pressure to 30 units, watch the video below;
- The massage of acupuncture points under the earlobe or half a centimeter towards the nose, as well as the points between the eyebrows, is possible in the nose.
There is no doctor, just hope for yourself, using any drug is unacceptable.
Drugs
They are indicated by a doctor for chronic hypertension, when the pressure of 160/90 or more, strict individual, correlation with the cause of hypertension and the nature of the process.
| Drug groups | Mechanism of action |
|---|---|
| ACE | Inhibit circuit enzymes |
| Diuretics | Excess liquid removes, balancing the overall mass of blood circulation |
| Calcium antagonistic drug | Balancing calcium ions that are not related to the protein needed for the normal activity of the heart muscle |
| Beta | Reducing heart rate, blood pressure (cannot be used for diabetes and asthma) |
| Blockers Alpha | Reduce pressure early |
| Vasodilat medicine | Expanding ships, eliminating spasms |
| Angiotensin-2 villain | Block Angiotensin of the kidneys, narrow the vessels |
Complication
When the pressure is increased, this requires dangerous disorders of the body:
- Genesis arrhythmia is different;
- tachycardia;
- The lack of oxygen, ischemia of tissue and organs;
- Limitations of arteries and capillaries;
- Violations of Aldosterone synthesis with the development of edema, the overall increase in blood volume;
- Reduce kidney function;
- atherosclerosis development;
Merbs in the final metabolic system leads to acute conditions that are incompatible with life (heart attack, stroke, acute heart failure).
Prevent
The doctor will help draft a separate program for high pressure prevention, the following main events:
- Weight control (each + 1 kg causes hypertension by a few units);
- Balanced diet;
- Refuse bad habits;
- Physical activity;
- Exactly changing the rest and work;
- Good night;
- Positive mood every day.
Elderly people are recommended to treat resort-Resort.